2',3'-cGAMP | Endogenous STING agonist

2',3'-cGAMP (CAS 1441190-66-4) is an endogenous STING (stimulator of interferon genes) agonist.¹ Produced from ATP and GTP via the action of cGMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) which acts as a cytosolic DNA sensor.^2,3 Induces autophagy which is a mechanism for clearance of DNA and viruses in the cytosol.⁴ DNA damage stimulates 2’,3’-cGAMP which stimulates an inflammatory response.⁵

References/Citations

1) Zhang et al. (2015), Cyclic GMP-AMP containing mixed phosphodiester linkages is an endogenous high-affinity ligand for STING; Mol. Cell 51 226
2) Wu et al. (2013), Cyclic GMP-AMP is an endogenous second messenger in innate immune signaling by cytosolic DNA; Science 339 826
3) Sun et al. (2013), Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase is a cytosolic DNA sensor that activates the type I interferon pathway; Science 339 786
4) Gui et al. (2019), Autophagy induction via STING trafficking is a primordial function of the cGAS pathway;  Nature, 567 262
5) Li and Chen (2018), The cGAS-cGAMP-STING pathway connects DNA damage to inflammation, senescence and cancer;  J. Exp. Med., 215 1287