Dyclonine HCl | Mitochondrial function enhancer

Dyclonine (536-43-6) is a  topical anesthetic which has been used for oral and throat analgesia.¹ Enhances neuronal mitochondrial function, potentiating respiration and providing protection against insults associated with neurodegenerative disorders.² Inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase ALDH3A1 resulting in accumulation of 4-hydroxynonenal, which renders head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells sensitive to the cystine-glutamate antiporter inhibitor, sulfasalazine.³ Rescues frataxin deficiency in animal models as well as in buccal cells of patients with Friedreich’s Ataxia.⁴ Enhances the cytotoxic effect of proteasome inhibitors MG-132⁵ and bortezomib⁶ in cancer cells.

References/Citations:

1. Groeben et al. (2001), Airway anesthesia alone does not explain attenuation of histamine-induced bronchospasm by local anesthetics: a comparison of lidocaine, ropivacaine, and dyclonine; Anesthesiology, 94 423
2. Boglarka et al. (2020), High-Throughput Small Molecule Screen Identifies Modulators of Mitochondrial Function in Neurons; iScience, 23 100931
3. Okazaki et al. (2018), Synthetic lethality of the ALDH3A1 inhibitor dyclonine and xCT inhibitors in glutathione deficiency-resistant cancer cells; Oncotarget, 9 33832
4. Sahdeo et al. (2014), Dyclonine rescues frataxin deficiency in animal models and buccal cells of patients with Friedriech’s ataxia; Hum. Mol. Genet., 23 6848
5. Ju et al. (2009), Dyclonine and alverine citrate enhance the cytotoxic effects of proteasome inhibitor MG132 on breast cancer cells; J. Mol. Med., 23 205
6. Ju et al. (2014), Dyclonine enhances the cytotoxic effect of proteasome inhibitor bortezomib in multiple myeloma cells; Mol. Med. Rep., 10 2609