Geranylgeranoic acid | Bioactive Isoprenoid

Geranylgeranoic acid chemical structure

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Geranylgeranoic acid (35750-48-2)) is an acyclic retinoid that is found naturally occurring in several traditional herbal medicines.1 Like many retinoids, geranylgeranoic acid plays a role in bone formation. It has been demonstrated to induce osteoblast differentiation and to inhibit osteoclast formation both in vitro and in vivo.2 It has been shown to induce apoptosis in various cell lines including HuH-7, PLC/PRF-5 and MLE-101. Induces unfolded protein response in human hepatoma cells.3 It effectively inhibits methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus adhesion to keratin, fibronectin, fibrinogen, and immunoglobulins offering a potentially new treatment for a difficult to treat bacteria.4

References/Citations:

  1. Shidoji and Ogawa (2004), Natural occurrence of cancer-preventive geranylgeranoic acid in medicinal herbs; J. Lipid Res. 45 1092
  2. Wang et al. (2002), Effects of geranylgeranoic acid in bone: induction of osteoblast differentiation and inhibition of osteoclast formation; J. Bone Miner. Res. 17 91
  3. Iwao and Shidoji (2015), Polyunsaturated Branched-Chain Fatty Acid Geranylgeranoic Acid Induces Unfolded Protein Response in Human Hepatoma Cells; PLoS One 10 e0132761
  4. Leonard et al. (2026), An anti-adhesive compound modulating the production of Staphylococcus aureus cell wall-anchored proteins; Nat. Commun. Preprint April 15
35750-48-2, geranylgeranic acid supplier, Geranylgeranoic acid supplier, GGA supplier
Alternate Name:
GGA

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Geranylgeranoic acid (35750-48-2)) is an acyclic retinoid that is found naturally occurring in several traditional herbal medicines.1 Like many retinoids, geranylgeranoic acid plays a role in bone formation. It has been demonstrated to induce osteoblast differentiation and to inhibit osteoclast formation both in vitro and in vivo.2 It has been shown to induce apoptosis in various cell lines including HuH-7, PLC/PRF-5 and MLE-101. Induces unfolded protein response in human hepatoma cells.3 It effectively inhibits methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus adhesion to keratin, fibronectin, fibrinogen, and immunoglobulins offering a potentially new treatment for a difficult to treat bacteria.4

References/Citations:

  1. Shidoji and Ogawa (2004), Natural occurrence of cancer-preventive geranylgeranoic acid in medicinal herbs; J. Lipid Res. 45 1092
  2. Wang et al. (2002), Effects of geranylgeranoic acid in bone: induction of osteoblast differentiation and inhibition of osteoclast formation; J. Bone Miner. Res. 17 91
  3. Iwao and Shidoji (2015), Polyunsaturated Branched-Chain Fatty Acid Geranylgeranoic Acid Induces Unfolded Protein Response in Human Hepatoma Cells; PLoS One 10 e0132761
  4. Leonard et al. (2026), An anti-adhesive compound modulating the production of Staphylococcus aureus cell wall-anchored proteins; Nat. Commun. Preprint April 15