ATPase

ATPases are mainly transmembrane enzymes found in eukaryotic (mitochondrial, chloroplast, plasma or vacuolar membranes) and prokaryotic (plasma membrane) cells. They catalyze the breakdown of ATP into ADP, generating an electrical potential that is harnessed for energy to perform cellular functions. Because of this, they are critical for fundamental cellular processes such as DNA replication and repair, protein synthesis, cell proliferation, pH homeostasis, and intracellular transport. Small molecule ATPase inhibitors have been used to treat infectious diseases, gastrointestinal reflux, and cancer.

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