PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESSES AND DISEASES

Physiological processes are the ways organs, tissues, cells, and various types of molecules interact to sustain life. These biological processes are regulated by an extensive array of cellular signaling pathways that interpret and respond to external and internal stimuli. Basic cellular functions such as cell cycle, respiration, response to stress, system-wide reactions such as inflammation and pain, to pathological states such as neurodegeneration, diabetes, cancer, and infectious disease are governed by these processes.