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Neurodegeneration is a progressive deterioration of neuronal structures and function that ultimately leads to cognitive disability, dementia, and/or motor defects depending on the affected area of the brain. Neurodegenerative disorders can be caused by genetic mutations, aggregation of misfolded proteins, accumulation of toxic intracellular proteins, organelle membrane damage, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Common disorders include multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and Huntington’s disease.
Alzheimer’s
PNU 282987
Potent and selective a7 nAChR agonist
N-Eicosanoyl serotonin
Natural product that prevents Aβ-induced impairments in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s
FPS-ZM1
FPS-ZM1 Is a high -affinity RAGE receptor antagonist
ABT-418
Neuronal nicotinic receptor agonist that improves cognition in Alzheimer’s patients
Parkinson’s
Terguride
Terguride is a partial dopamine D2 and serotonin 5HT2B/2C antagonist
Rasagiline mesylate
Potent and irreversible MAO-B inhibitor
MPEP HCl
MPEP is a potent mGlu5 receptor antagonist
Entacapone
Entacapone is a catechol O-methyltransferase inhibitor that increases the bioavailability of L-DOPA
Stem Cells
ISX9
Promotes neurogenesis by enhancing the proliferation and differentiation of neuroblasts
Neurodazine
Induces neurogenesis of non-pluripotent myoblasts
Neuropathiazol
Induces neuronal differentiation of multipotent hippocampal neural progenitor cells
Multiple Sclerosis
MDL29,951
MDL29,951 is a GPR17 activator
RIPA-56
RIP1 kinase inhibitor that blocked progression of multiple sclerosis in an immune-induced demyelination model
Benztropine mesylate
Centrally acting M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist that induces remyelination of neurons
FTY720 HCl
Clinically useful multiple sclerosis drug that is a sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulator
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Pridopidine
Sigma-1 ligand that ameliorates the central features of ALS
Riluzole
Sodium channel blocker used in the treatment of ALS
P7C3
P7C3 delays disease progression in the G93A-SOD2 mutant mouse model of ALS
WHI-P131
WHI-P131 is a JAK3 inhibitor that increases survival in a mouse model of ALS
Neuroinflammation
Leonurine
Inhibits microglial activation via JNK and NFk-B pathways
Synaptamide
Endogenous GPR110 agonist that ameliorates LPS-induced neuroinflammation in a mouse model
C-DIM 12
C-DIM 12 activates the orphan receptor Nurr1 and displays strong neuroinflammatory inhibition
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